The laws of nature

Abstract

In this article we point out the observations and the principles from which the modern Physics originates. Firstly the observations made by Galileo Galilei on board a ship, observations that allow us to define the Inertial Systems and the homogeneity and the isotropy of the space in such systems. After we show as the fundamental laws of the Mechanics may be derived thanks to the equations that the born in Turin mathematician Lagrange wrote applying the principle of determinism of motions stated by Isaac Newton. In the following we point out as, with the Least Action Principle put forward in 1834 by the Irish mathematician William Hamilton together with few simple observations about electric phenomena, it is possible to obtain the fundamental laws of the Electromagnetism. With regard to the Gravitation we highlight that the Newton's theory of Gravitation is not a fundamental theory, because the phenomenon of the gravitation is due to the deformation of the space caused by the masses in it contained as showed by the Einstein's General Theory of Relativity. In this paper therefore we have shown that the Laws of Nature may be correctly obtained with few simple observations of the natural phenomena combined with the learned mathematical instruments formulated by the mathematicians Euler, Lagrange and Hamilton.